Sending your original passport to someone within the UK will not speed up your renewal.
Looks like you need to apply for a new adult passport
You can apply for a first adult passport if all of the following apply:
you’re a British national
you’re aged 16 or over (or will be in 3 weeks)
you’ve never had a UK passport before
You must also apply if your last UK passport was issued before 1 January 1994.
You can use your child passport until it expires, even if you’re over 18.
An adult passport is valid for 10 years.
